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Dory (spear)
The ''dory'' or ''Doru '' (; ''(ギリシア語:δόρυ)'') is a spear that was the chief armament of hoplites (heavy infantry) in Ancient Greece. The word "''dory''" was first attested by Homer with the meanings of "wood" and "spear". Homeric heroes hold two ''dorata'' (Il. 11,43, Od. 1, 256). In the Homeric epics and in the classical period the dory was a symbol of military power, possibly more important than the sword, as can be deducted from expressions like "Troy conquered by dory" (Il. 16,708) and words like "''doryktetos''" (spear-won) and "''doryalotos''" (spear-taken).〔(Barbantani Silvia (2007) ). The glory of the spear - A powerful symbol in Hellenistic poetry and art. The case of Neoptolemus "of Tlos" (and other Ptolemaic epigrams), ''Studi Classici e Orientali'', LIII, Anno 2007 (edito nel 2010)〕
The dory was about three metres in length (ten feet) and had a handle with a diameter of 5 cm (two inches) made of wood, either cornel or ash weighing 1 to 2 kg. The flat leaf-shaped spearhead was composed of iron and its weight was counterbalanced by a bronze butt-spike.〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=Spartan Weapons )〕〔Cartledge, Paul. ''Thermopylae: The Battle That Changed the World''. New York: The Overlook Press, 2006, p. 145.〕 (cf Sarissa)
==Butt-spike==
The rear of the spear was capped with a spike called a ''sauroter'', Greek for "lizard killer". This spike had several uses. It could be used to stand the spear up or used as a secondary weapon if the spearhead was broken off.〔http://www.ancientmilitary.com/spartan-weapons.htm〕 If the shaft of the ''dory'' was broken or if the iron point was lost, the remaining portion could still function. Though its combat range would be reduced, the ''dory''s complete length would have lessened the chance of a single break rendering it ineffective. Additionally, any enemies that had fallen could be dispatched by the warriors marching over them in the back ranks of the phalanx who were holding their spears in a vertical position.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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